tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-89358508910362082612024-02-08T03:40:35.501-08:00Writing paper with picture spaceExpert Essay WritersAriya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-39888351294101362842020-08-23T23:31:00.001-07:002020-08-23T23:31:04.281-07:00Unbending Gender Essay Example for FreeAriya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-64167365014561309692020-08-22T00:02:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:02:26.761-07:00Microsoft Message Analyzer Operating Guide -Myassignmenthelp.ComQuestion: Talk About The Microsoft Message Analyzer Operating Guide? Answer: Presentation Wireshark is additionally called as Ethereal which is utilized to break down the system traffic in various levels. It is an amazing asset to look at the internals of the system conventions. It has easy to use interface to show information from various conventions from all systems. The caught information bundles additionally can be broke down in disconnected [5]. The bolstered organizations of catches or follow documents are ERF and CAP. This incorporated decoding apparatuses is additionally used to see the scrambled parcels of famous conventions, for example, WPA and WEP. It gives insights regarding the individual bundles, for example, its source, goal, sort of convention, transmission time and header information. These data are utilized to assess the security and investigating of the system gadgets. It shows the informations in three boards. The primary board shows the edges with its key information. This edge is additionally clarified in the center board. The base board is utilized to show the crude casing. It likewise incorporates channels, shading coding and different highlights to investigate the parcels. By utilizing this Wireshark apparatus we can break down the traffic stream of the system and investigate the issues in the system. This open source programming is uninhibitedly accessible in its official site. The bundles can be caught structure the chose organize by utilizing this interface. The bundle are caught continuously. It additionally has choices to catch the parcels from specific IP address. It utilizes shading coding to feature the distinctive assortment of bundles. Naturally light purple shading is utilized to mean the TCP traffic, light blue for UDP traffic, dark shading to distinguish the bundles with mistake. Shading rules are given to know the specific codes for the hues. It has sifting alternatives to assess about the specific parcels. The channels can be given in the sifting box and snap apply to get the outcomes. These channels can be altered for the future use [6]. Throughput Throughput is the measure of information moved in a system starting with one area then onto the next with in a specific timespan. It decides the exhibition of the system. The caught traffic of a system is examined utilizing Wireshark [2]. Throughput depends on the bundle misfortune and inertness of the system. It is estimated in bits every seconds or information bundles every second. It additionally signifies the nature of the system. The system gadgets conveys through the information parcels. Here throughput is utilized to demonstrate the effective conveyance of the information bundles starting with one area then onto the next. On the off chance that the bundle is dropped, it brings down the throughput and decreases the nature of the system. The throughput of the caught bundles are demonstrated as follows. It shows the throughput of the parcels in bits/second and Time length is seconds. Full circle time Full circle time is likewise called as, full circle defer time. It is the time required for the parcel to make a trip from source to goal. It is dictated by the Internet Protocol and tended to by the ping address. It is estimated in mille seconds. It quantifies the term between the program solicitation and reaction got from the server. Ping order is utilized to quantify the full circle time. This RTT will be higher because of system clog and server choking. This RTT is impacted by various variables like separation, transmission medium, Number of jumps, reaction time of the server and level of traffic. The Round outing time of the caught bundles is demonstrated as follows. It shows the grouping number and passed time in short order. The dabs means the bundles [7]. Burden dispersion Burden dispersion is utilized to circulate the remaining tasks at hand for the numerous processing assets. It is for the most part used to upgrade the utilization of assets, increment the throughput, diminishes the reaction time and maintaining a strategic distance from over-burden in a solitary asset. The beneath screen capture shows the Load conveyance time of the caught arrange [3]. It shows the slipped by time of HTTP demand by server, HTTP host and HTTP reaction by the server address. Cautioning and Errors The alerts and mistakes happened during the parcel catching are broke down and they are demonstrated as follows. These alerts and blunders likewise investigated by the Wireshark Expert framework. The measure of master data depends on the conventions. The UI of master data contains the accompanying subtleties, for example, Packet number, Severity, Group, Protocol and rundown of the blunder. The Error messages of TCP association are investigated and they are appeared in the beneath screen capture. The admonition message shows the subtleties of convention, gathering and the synopsis of the blunder and its tally. The alerts in the TCP bundle transmission is recognized. It shows the admonition message for the lost bundle. Here just one section isn't caught in the bundle transmission. TCP Retransmissions TCP retransmission demonstrates the difficulties in information transmission. The majority of the information move depends on TCP. At the point when the information is gotten by the collector, it will send affirmation for the got parcels. On the off chance that the bundle is lost, it will be retransmitted by the sender. Wireshark recognizes the retransmission and finds those bundles. The inordinate measure of retransmission increment the record transmission time. TCP retransmission guarantees the information dependability from source to goal. On the off chance that the TCP association distinguishes the retransmission, it will sensibly accept that bundle misfortune has been happened in the system. Be that as it may, a large portion of the analyzers shows the copy affirmation and it tends to be recognized when two bundles have same affirmation number [8]. TCP retransmission in a caught organize are investigated and they are appeared in the underneath screen capture. The retransmitted b undles are demonstrated in dark shading. Correlation of Wireshark insights Bundles are caught from another system and it is examined in Wireshark. The underneath screen capture shows the parcel catching procedure from another system. Throughput The throughput of another system is given beneath. When contrasting and the past system, it has low throughput. Round Drip time The roundtrip time of another system is given beneath. Burden Distribution The heap conveyance of another system is given underneath. Cautioning and Error The Error messages of TCP association in another system are dissected and they are appeared in the underneath screen capture. The admonition message shows the subtleties of convention, gathering and the synopsis of the mistake and its check [4]. When contrasting and the past system, it has high blunder messages. The alerts in the TCP parcel transmission is recognized. It shows the admonition message for the lost bundle. Here two portion isn't caught in the bundle transmission. TCP Retransmission TCP retransmission in a caught organize are dissected and they are contrasted and the past system. Here progressively number of bundles are retransmitted. When contrasting and the past system, this system has horrible showing and it might be because of the traffic clog and reaction of the system. Examination of Wireshark with Microsoft Message The source code of wire shark can be downloaded from the official site. For downloading the wire shark at any rate 400 MHZ processor is required, wanton mode bolstered NIC, least 128 MBRAM is required. The space in the hard circle ought to be least 75 MB free. Also, Win Pcap is required. The chronicle record ought to be removed as tar-jxvf downloaded document name variant, where the extricating order is not the same as the Microsoft message analyzer. The new index ought to be made and should be introduced [9]. In view of the circulation, arrange order can be utilized as/design. Complete the last establishment process with the utilization of introduce order, where the source is changed over into parallel configuration. The wire shark Graphical UI (GUI) makes simple access to easy to use. The Microsoft message analyzer is not the same as wire shark. In the wake of experiencing the few procedure and investigation of microsoft message analyzer, the system is checked. The Microsoft message analyzer default see is unique while contrasting and wire shark. The default message is appeared in the highest point of Microsoft layer. The system show level message just [10]. This level message isn't reassemble and no recreation. Be that as it may, wire shark is reassembling the different code and reenactment. Representation of traffic The wire shark comprises of various segment. These segments of UI utilizing a few parcels are caught. The parcel is choosing from the bundle list sheet, if the parcel is chosen the data can be gotten from the parcel subtleties sheet. The sheet gives the data about the conventions. The conventions fields are chosen from the parcel. The wire shark client jars basically catching parcels from the beginning window [11]. The window catch alternative is shows all the accessible interfaces in the system. The interface dynamic is appeared with the flashes. So the catching procedure can be begun by simply double tapping the dynamic interface and the catch starts. The client start catch by going to catch menu before choosing the alternatives from the catch drop down menu, which opens the catch menu and interfaces window. The window additionally shows the accessible interfaces and client can begin her/his first catch by utilizing the basically tapping the interface in which needs to play out the catch. The wire shark set aside little effort to catches a few information. Presently the client is prepared she/he can tap the prevent button from the catch drop-down menu. These cases contrast with different instruments the situation can roll out certain improvements to help [12]. Measurements age The Microsoft message analyzer is give the capacity of future to testing and makes documentation and so on yet wire shark commotion is doesn't stow away. The smaller scale delicate message analyzer is characterized one of the specialized analyzer in Microsoft [13]. These comprise of bunches of apparatuses accessible to vulnerabilities and enter the protected framework and increment arrange assaults .the structure of networ Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-76639601513532810892020-07-15T07:11:00.001-07:002020-07-15T07:11:04.071-07:00How to Write a Persuasive SpeechHow to Write a Persuasive Speech Persuasive category of speeches includes motivational speeches that help audience to convince positively to be in an action spree. The effect of these stimulating speeches are quick initiation of call to action and this is one of the reasons persuasive type of speeches has to be extremely skillful, well organized and optimally effective in its effect. Conventionally, persuasive communication is best created by blending 3 prime elements: One of them is ETHOS (reliability), next is LOGOS (common sense), and lastly PATHOS (sentiment). By blending these three elements knowledgeably, a speech writer like you can improve the skill of scripting persuasive style of speech. What is persuasive speech? Persuasive style of speaking is the motivational type of communication that keeps the listening audience enticed and engaged. Persuasive type of speech may engage a wide range of topics off different genres: for example, from politics to movie as well as about relationship issue or culinary culture of a country can be the topic of your persuasive speech. Persuasive speaking is integrated to the audience, therefore while writing a write needs to identify his target audience. Consequently, persuasive speaking calls for added focus to audience analysis, a writer needs to identify the soft nose of the audience so that speech can motivate them at the best. In order to learn how to start a persuasive speech drafting, a writer has to keep a few points in mind to make the speech more effective and efficient and stimulating: ? Persuasion in communication may come in different forms: writers may need to write sales pitch, legal proceeding, product presentation, addressing a social issue, etc. ? This mode of speech involves three modes of influence: ETHOS, PATHOS and LOGOS. ? It is vital to recognize the target audience so that the communication can be drafted accordingly. Or instance, the speech meant for school girls will not be effective for working girls. Drafting persuasive verbal communication can be challenging to an extent because you need to incorporate some specific elements in it so that it serves the purpose at par. Starting from the beginning of persuasive speech till the end, these motivational speeches are successful amalgamation of few essential factors. Therefore it is important to learn the hooks of drafting a real-life persuasive communication to impress and motivate the target audience. A persuasive speech is a communication planned to encourage the audience to do something. Whether you are planning to convince people to join a campaign, join a course, or alter their motivation about a significant social issue, persuasive speeches are an effectual way to influence an audience. There are multiple elements that a writer needs to input for writing a well read and sensed persuasive speech and with some homework and practice, the art of writing a persuasive speech can be mastered. How to start a persuasive speech It is indeed not a straight job to draft a persuasive speech at one go because motivation oriented writing job demands some essential ground work to do. More these ground work will be performed, the output will be better. The basic needs are: ? Identify the purpose when you have already identified the audience, ? Draft the dialogue in lucid language, which is easy to comprehend! After all, as writer your goal is to communicate properly with your words, ? Do the homework about the subject and find out the positive points so that you can include these stimulating facts in your communication: positive thought generates better result in convincing people. ? Try to collect statistics for the support of your speech: statistics makes thing more convincing and stimulating for acceptance. How to start the introduction for the draft of a persuasive speech If you are asked a simple question that âhow do you start persuasive speech?â the first thing will come into your mind is the introduction part of the speech. This is one of the most vital parts of communication, and regardless you are writer or an orator, the starting of the speech hits the bullâs eyes. There are three factors that help in making a fabulous persuasive type of speech: ? Interesting start to grab the attention of the audience, ? Establishing a link with audience in order to convince them with the notion of preset goal. ? You need to understand the goal behind the speech so that the motive of persuasion gets completely accomplished. ? Once you have sketched the communication and its range, make a fresh draft of using the entire presentation. It will help you to brush the draft with better, aggressive, to-the-point approach so that the language excels in its category. These are the basic tips following which you will be able to start and finish a persuasive speech drafting project. Drafting a convincing styled speech is quite a challenging task but with best practice and comprehensive approach toward the task, you can make it really happen with best output. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-89852688582193614022020-05-21T12:17:00.001-07:002020-05-21T12:17:05.358-07:00Conditions for Equilibrium - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1790 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Technology Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? 1. Introduction When we say equilibrium, it is a state of balance. It is a condition where there is no change in the state of motion of a body. Equilibrium also may be at rest or moving within a constant velocity. A simple mechanical body is said to be in equilibrium if no part of it is accelerating, unless it is disturbed by an outside force. Two conditions for equilibrium are that the net force acting on the object is zero, and the net torque acting on the object is zero. Thus, the following objectives were emphasized in this experiment: to determine the equilibrant force using the force table and the component method, to determine the unknown forces using the first condition and second conditions for equilibrium, to locate the centre of gravity of a composite body, and to demonstrate rational equilibrium. 2. Theory Equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the resultant but oppositely directed. The first condition of equilibrium is when a body at rest or moving with uniform velocity has zero acceleration. The center of Gravity is the point where the weight of a body is assumed concentrate. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied when the sum of all torques acting on an object about any axis equals zero. In activity 1, TA or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 TB or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan B plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 Experimental Equilibrant is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it. Theoretical Equilibrant= % Error = Exp. ââ¬â Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 2, the equation T1 T2 cos ? = 0 was used. From the equation, was derived to get the value of T2 where, T1 is the reading on the spring scale when the pin is exactly at the middle of the ring ? is the angle of the string makes with the horizontal Experimental Weight = T2 sin ? Theoretical Weight= % Error = Exp. â⠬â Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 3, to check the results, the actual computation of center of gravity was used. Where XC and YC are the coordinates of the center of gravity of the circle, XS and YS are the coordinates of the center of gravity of the square, and are the coordinates of the center of gravity of the composite figure. In activity 4, the equation was used, where, X1 is the length of the cylinder used X2 is the length of the center of gravity of the cylinder. And X3 is the length of the cylinder minus the 5. 0 cm. 3. Methodology There are 4 different kinds of activity in the experiment to determine the conditions for equilibrium. The materials used were the following: Force table and accessories, force board, cylinder of unknown weight, spring scale, electronic gram balance, card board, aluminum bar, cylinder of unknown weight, and protractor. For activity 1, the group used a force table, its three pans and accessories. The three pans were weighed and l abeled as A, B and C. Pan A was hung at 30 degree mark and a 100g was placed on it whereas on pan B a150 g was placed and was hung at 200 degree mark. The group balanced the two tensions in the strings by placing weight on the pan C or adjusting its position in the force table to obtain the magnitude and position of the equilibrant. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The group then computed the % error using the values obtained by the component method as your accepted value for magnitude as well as direction. Figure 1: Set-up for activity 1 For activity 2, a cylinder of unknown weight was suspended on the force board by means of two strings. A spring scale was then attached to one of the strings. One member of the group pulled the string horizontally until the pin was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as T1. Another member of the group measured the angle that the other string makes w ith the horizontal and solved for the tension T2 of the other spring and the weight of a cylinder. Percent error was computed after. For activity 3, the group used a circle of diameter 10cm and a square of side 10 cm from the card board. The circle and the square was weighed and recorded as Wc and Ws. The group determined the center of gravity of the composite figure by using the balancing method and composite method. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite figure. Figure 2: Balancing Method Figure 3: Plumbing Method For activity 4, the group first located the center of gravity of the aluminum bar by balancing it on a pencil. The cylinder used in activity 2 was hung 5. 0 cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminum bar was supported by means of a spring scale on the end and a string on the other end until the bar assumes a horizontal position. The group used the second condition for equilibrium to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. Percent error was also computed. Figure 4: Set-up for Activity 4 4. Results and Discussion Activity 1 TensionsMagnitude (N)Position(à °) TA1. 310530à ° TB1. 7962200à ° Experimental Equilibrant0. 6241360à ° Theoretical Equilibrant0. 5545356à ° % Error13% Table 1: Results of Activity 1 Table 1 shows the magnitude and the positions of the equilibrants and the tensions acting on the pans. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The % error was computed using the values obtained by the component method as the accepted value for magnitude and the direction. Some factors that contributed the 13% error in this activity were the accuracy of the force table and its accessories used. Activity 2 T1 (N)63 N ? (à °)44à ° T2 (N)8. 7 N Experimental Weigh t (N)6 N Theoretical Weight (N)6. 3 N % Error13. 2 % Free Body Diagram of ring Table 2: Results of Activity 2 Table 2 shows the different unknown forces acting on the cylinder using the first condition for equilibrium. Some factors that contributed the 13. 2% error in this activity were the accuracy of the spring scale used and the pulling of the string horizontally. Activity 3 Weight of Square= 8. 36 g Weight of Circle= 6. 94 g MethodCenter of Gravity X coordinateY ââ¬â coordinate Plumb line Method105. Balancing Method9. 554. 5 Computation9. 545 Table 3: Results of Activity 3 Table 3 shows the x and y coordinates of the center of gravity of the component figure using plumb line method, balancing method and the actual computation. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite figure. The actual compu tation was written in the manual. Activity 4 Reading of Spring Scale (N)5 N Weight of cylinder (N)5. 3238 N Experimental Weight of bar(N)0. 7418 N Theoretical Weight of bar(N)0. 7977 N % Error7 % Free Body Diagram of bar Table 4: Results of Activity 4 Table 4 shows the different unknown forces acting on the bar using the second condition for equilibrium. One factor that contributed the 7% error was due to the person holding the string at one end to make the cylinder bar in horizontal position 5. Conclusion Different activities in this experiment were accomplished to understand more about the conditions for equilibrium. Based from the results obtained by the group in the different activities, the group was able to determine the equilibrant force by using the force table and the component method. The unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium were determined. Using the square and circle figure, the center of gravity of a composite body was located. Rota tional equilibrium was demonstrated because the sum of all of the torques equals zero 6. Application 1. State the first condition for equilibrium. If a body is in equilibrium, are there no forces acting on it? Equilibrium means the sum of all forces in all directions is equal to zero. It doesnââ¬â¢t mean that there are no forces acting on it. It just means that the forces that are acting on it are equal and opposite. 2. The Russell Traction system is used for a fractured femur. Identify the forces acting on the femur. If the weight hang is 5. 0 kg, find the force needed to immobilize the femur. What will supply this force? 3. What happens to the center of gravity of a person under the following situations? A. ) His upper right extremity is amputated. B. ) He carries all his books using the right arm only. )When ones upper right extremity is amputated, the center of gravity of the person would lean towards the right part of the body since the gravitational force on the remainin g arm will push the center of gravity towards the right. b)When a person carries his books using only his right arm, the pull of gravity on the book would push the center of gravity of the body towards the left. 4. Devise a way by which you could determine your center of gravity. If the object is irregular in shape, the center of mass is always located closer to the more massive end. Use felt pens to outline your partners body on a piece of butcher paper. Determine your partners approximate center of gravity by carefully cutting out the human outline and balancing it on your finger. Mark the center of gravity on your partners body with a piece of tape. Get a six foot piece of butcher paper and tape it to a flat wall. Outline your partners entire body while he is standing evenly on two feet. Mark their approximate center. Another way is to lie horizontally across the arm of a couch. The point where you are balanced is your center of gravity. 5. In general, the womenââ¬â¢s cente rs of gravity tend to be lower than menââ¬â¢s. Can you explain why? Womenââ¬â¢s centers of gravity tend to be lower than menââ¬â¢s because women have a bigger pelvis area. The skeletal structure of women make it so that their pelvis is bigger, since they will need the extra support come the time that they become pregnant, and their bodies support a baby. This means that the lower body of women is generally heavier in comparison to their whole body, as opposed to the lower body of men. This would make the center of gravity of women slightly lower, because more of their body mass is concentrated at the lower portion of their body. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Conditions for Equilibrium" essay for you Create order Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-29578210477309392552020-05-06T23:18:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:18:17.606-07:00Dostoevsky as Performer Essay - 4297 Words Dostoevsky as Performer Storytelling and reading aloud played a valuable part in young Fyodors life, influencing his own later successful writing endeavors as well as his performance of literature. His nanny and wet nurse introduced the Dostoevsky children to folklore and lives of the saints through the stories they told. Nanny Alyona Frolovna told the children stories of ancient Russia, of Saint Sergey of Moscow subduing a bear by the power of his holiness, of heroes and legends and folk tales, Christianity and Russian myth intertwined; the stories were so vivid and frightening that the children had trouble sleeping (Gunn 10). During the winter their former wet nurses would make a ceremonial visit to the Dostoevsky family, stayingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Gothic novels of Ann Radcliffe were favorites of the Dostoevskys. Frank contends that Dostoevsky, influenced by Radcliffe, would later incorporate Gothic techniques of plot, character, and atmosphere and carry them to a peak of perfection that ha s never been surpassed (1976, 55). Among the literature read and discussed by the Dostoevsky fireside were the Bible, writings of Nikolai Karamzin, including History of the Russian State, Letters of a Russian Traveller, and Poor Liza; the poets Vasily Zhukovsky, Mikhail Y. Lermontov, Gavriil R. Derzhavin, and, of course, Alexander Pushkin; and the novelist Sir Walter Scott. Frank believes that the readings in the family circle were designed to stimulate and benefit the children and to turn them into Godfearing and loyal citizens of the Tsar (1976, 5960). Geir Kjetsaa reports that the Dostoevsky parents were fine readers and the two oldest boys [Mikhail and Fyodor] did not lag far behind them and is convinced that for Fyodor these reading sessions served as a literary foundation for his entire life (10). The influence of Fyodors mother, his first teacher, was no doubt strong as she conveyed her love of poetry and novels as well as music. Fyodor began to read for himself at the age of four from an antique volume containing a hundred and four Bible tales and conceived a passion for the book of JobShow MoreRelatedEssay on Understanding the Underground Dancer1303 Words à |à 6 Pagesdismembered as Dionysus charges the dancers soul with his chariot that brings the gifts of intoxication. (Nietzsche 120, 121) Huddled in his corner he observes the world--his stage--and suddenly stirs, raising himself up, he acts, like the great performer that he is not, dizzy after gazing into the abyss of inertia for a lifetime, intoxicated with the will to dance, he is consumed by the dread of freedom which always seems to lurk just beyond his touch. He cannot sit, he cannot act, he just wants Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-90051894830855679082020-05-06T07:49:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:49:51.575-07:00Samsung Electronics Case Summary Free Essays SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS SUMMARY Under Kun Hee Leeââ¬â¢s leadership Samsung has risen to become the worldââ¬â¢s leading memory producer for all types of PCs, game players, digital cameras and other electronic equipments. In 1987, Samsung was a ââ¬Å"bit playerâ⬠, years behind its key Japanese rivals. In 2003 Samsungââ¬â¢s memory division is bigger than that of Japanese rivals in both size profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Samsung Electronics Case Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now The memory chip industry was expected to face cyclical downturn in 2005 and Samsung survived two previous downturns still some outside believers believed that the Chinese entry would fundamentally change industry conditions in the years ahead. There has been a strong growth in economic importance of Semiconductor industry over the previous five decades. Semiconductor products were classified into two categories; Logic chips and memory chips. Logic chips were used for processing information/ control processes whereas Memory chips were further classified into DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static RAM), Flash to store information. The case is focused on Global memory chip industry. DRAMs captured over half of the memory chip market in 2003. DRAMs were previously used in PCs, but their share declined from 80% to 67% between 1990 and 2003. Telecom consumer electronics were growing consumers of DRAMs in 2003. Communications products were expected to grow from 3. 5% to 7. 9% in 2008 while TVs, set-top boxes, game devices such as Play station represented 7% of global market in 2003. In 2003, SRAM, a type of buffer memory which facilitated computer processing mobile phone functionality, accounted for 10% of the industry sales and Flash memory, used in heavy digital cameras mobile phones, is a hot growth area and account for 32% of the industry sales. The memory industry contained powerful suppliers and price conscious customers. Over time technology grew more complex and suppliers became more concentrated. Only 2-3 main players dominated the key segments of equipment market. Suppliers of memory raw materials provided discounts of up to 5% for high-volume buyers. Customers were more fragmented with no single OEM controlling more than 20% of global PC market. Memory represented 4-12% of total PC material cost and 4-7% of mobile phone material cost. There was an intense competition in market but OEM would pay upwards of 1% average premium for a reliable supplier. In 2005 industry faced fierce rivalry and large-scale entry by Chinese firms. Samsung announced a decline in market prices of its cutting edge technological products in late 2004 but Chinese firms competing in older product lines traded off profit margins for market share. Chinese competitors had an easy access to local finance and talented local engineers but it lacked Organizational skills used older technology. MAJOR COMPETITORS: The major competitors of Samsung in 2005 were: Elpida Memory Inc (Japan): Established as a joint venture between NEC and Hitachi. It produced memory products for mobile devices consumer electronics goods. In 2004, it announced that it would start the construction on its 12 inch water fab production. Hynix Semiconductor, Inc. (S. Korea): founded in 1983 as Hyundai Electronics. It changed is name to separate itself from financially troubled Hyundai Group. During 1996 cyclical downturn the company dramatically increased its capital expenditure but in 1999 when market began to expand Hyundai had no resource to increase its capital expenditure and it ended up in decreasing its capital expenditure. In 1999 Hyundai acquired LG Semiconductor which resulted in more debt burden which together with the next cyclical doenturn brought the company at the verge of collapse in 2001-02. A multibillion-dollar bailout allowed the company to survive. It then entered into a joint venture with ST Electronics. Infineon Technologies AG: Germany-based company which spun off from Siemens. In recent years, it entered into the product purchase capacity agreement with Taiwan-based DRAM manufacturer, Winbond. It also entered into the joint venture with Nanya Technology to build a new plant in Taiwan. In 2005, it had more than 25 RD locations around the globe. Micron Technology: It is Idaho-USA based company founded in 1978, Acquired Texas Instruments, plants in Texas, Italy, Japan, Singapore. It purchased Dominion Semiconductor from Toshiba and is backed by Intel. Nanya Technology Corporation: It is the fifth-largest DRAM, Taiwan based manufacturer. In 1998 it purchased DRAM technology from IBM. Nanya and Infineon formed a joint venture named Inotera producing 256Mbit DRAM starting in June 2004. Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp. SMIC): Established in 2000 and headquartered in Shanghai, China. It took designs from other firms and produced chips based on blueprints. In 2003, SMIC signed agreement with Infineon and later with Elpida to license technology to SMIC in exchange for purchasing rights to much of the output. It also bought production facility from Motorola. COMPANY OVERVIEW: In 2005 it was the largest conglomerate (called Chaebol) in South Korea. The total n et sales of the group had reached $135 billion in 2004. In 2004 the goup had 337 overseas operations in 58 countries and employed 212,000 people worldwide. Three core business sectors were Electronics, Finance, and Trade Services. Samsung Electronics was established in 1969 to manufacture black-and-white TV sets. At the end of 2004 the company had $78. 5 billion net sales, $66 billion in assets, 113,000 employees. The company brand value increased from $5. 2 billion in 2000 to $12. 6 billion in 2004. In 2005 Samsung consisted of five business divisions: 1) Digital Media ââ¬â TV, AV, Computers; 2) Telecom; 3) HDTV; 4) Digital Appliances and 5) Semiconductor Business. DEVELOPMENT OF MEMORY BUSINESS Koreaââ¬â¢s semiconductor industry started its wafer production in 1974. Kun Hee Lee, third son of Samsung Groupââ¬â¢s founder Byung Chull Lee, bought Korea Semiconductor Company, using his own personal savings. Samsung Electronics was a producer of low-end consumer electronics goods. Kun Hee Lee merged the two companies to create global powerhouse. First semiconductor produced was the ââ¬Å"watch chip,â⬠used in wristwatches. From 1983 to 1985, even as global semiconductor market went into a recession Intel left the DRAM business, Samsung allocated more than $100 million to DRAM development. At that time cost to produce 64K DRAM was $1. 30, market price below $1. 00. in mid 1980s Samsung built its first large manufacturing facility. To accomplish fast-paced construction, a target was set to build 4-kilometer road in 1 day to receive production equipment. Kun Hee Lee was made Chairman when father retired. Since 1992, semiconductors had been South Koreaââ¬â¢s largest export. In 2004, exports totaled to $25. 1 billion that is 10. 4% of the countryââ¬â¢s export volume. Samsung Group exported 22% of Koreaââ¬â¢s exports. Samsung Group represented 23% of total market value at the Korea Stock Exchange. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT: To design its first 64K DRAMs in 1980s with outside help the company found Micron in the US which accepted cash payment in exchange for teaching Samsung how to produce 64K DRAMs. To develop ââ¬Ëfrontierââ¬â¢ technology for next generation DRAM, Samsung used internal competition across global RD sites. The company hired one team composed primarily of Korean-Americans with experience in semiconductor industry and located that team in California. A similar Korean-Americans team was located in S. Korea it was required to compete collaborate and come up with its own solution. California team won competition for designing 256K DRAM while Korean team won competition for next generation 1Mbit technology. Due to market situations Hitachi took the lead and Samsung came to second Hitachi in the market. Early 1990s, Samsung decided to increase the size of wafers used to cut the DRAM chips to eight inches to become number 1 again and they were first to do so. They invested $1 billion towards mastering the new technology and became number 1 again in 1992 and retained leadership for 13 years. PRODUT MIX: In 2003, Samsung offered 1,200 different variations of DRAM products. Products ranged from ââ¬Å"frontier productsâ⬠(512Mbit DRAM) at the cutting edge of technology to ââ¬Å"legacy productsâ⬠(64Mbit DRAM). Within each product generation there were ââ¬Å"specialty productsâ⬠as well. Prices for new-generation products were high for a few quarters before plunging rapidly. ââ¬Å"Legacyâ⬠products became high-value niche products. In 2004, Samsung also sought to create some advantages in Flash memory for digital cameras camera phones. Because market expected to grow at double-digit for another five years in Flash memory while DRAMs would experience a single digit growth and Flash price were high relative to that of the DRAM. DESIGN AND PRODUCTION: Unlike its competitors, Samsung created new uses for DRAMs. It launched new DRAM products with ââ¬Å"product-specificâ⬠applications, for laptops, personal game players etc. Many of them shared a common core design. Even two seemingly different architectures, DDR DRAM Rambus DRAM shared the same core design. Samsung main RD facility and fab lines were located at a single site near Seoul whereas, competitorsââ¬â¢ facilities were scattered across the globe. The benefit was of collocation and scale of fab which saved them an average of 12% of construction cost. At Samsungââ¬â¢s primary campus, RD engineers production engineers lived in the same company-provided housing. Samsung prided itself on the reliability of its products ability to customize products. But in 1980s 1990, Samsung was producing poor quality products. Thus in 1994, Lee wrote a book that was delivered to all employees and explained how the Group had lost sight of quality argued that employees must now think of quality first. The result of this effort was that by the late 1990s, Samsung was routinely winning key industry competitions for reliability and performance. Samsung developed new Flash memory chip for Sony Ericsson chip customized for Nokia. HUMAN RESOURCE POLICIES: It was considered taboo at Samsung to ask a coworker about his or her university or place of origin. Prospective employees were given aptitude test covering language skills, mathematical knowledge, reasoning, space perception. As a result of more meritocratic evaluation system, younger, high-potential, English-speaking managers were quickly promoted up the hierarchy. Samsung also place programs to invest in employeesââ¬â¢ global business skills. Samsung claimed to have invested more in its employees that any other competitors in this industry. They also hired westerners other foreign talents. According to the Chairman of the company, ââ¬Å"At Samsung, we reward outstanding performance; we do not punish failure. This is my personal philosophy and belief. â⬠STRATEGIC CHALLENGES: In 2005, company faced new challenges from Chinese entrants who were attacking the DRAM market in the way Samsung did 20 years ago. These Companies were using partnerships with Infineon Elpida with billions of dollars in outside financing to build state-of-art production facilities. Chinese producers have patience to endure years of losses to gain significant market share. China lacked critical infrastructure for cutting-edge semiconductor industry but the Government s firmly committed to subsidizing all infrastructure needs around Shanghai and Beijing. How to cite Samsung Electronics Case Summary, Essay examples Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-68523591165601364492020-04-24T19:06:00.001-07:002020-04-24T19:06:02.729-07:00Single Parenting free essay sample You can do anything you want to do as long as you set your mind to it and stick with it. I remember hearing those words from my mother ever since I was a little girl. Through the years Ive grown up believing in them and using them as my inspiration. You see, there is no one I admire more than my mother. When I was four years old, my mother and father got divorced, although he didnt live with us since I was two. At the time, my brother was only eight. Being a single parent is a hard enough job in itself but my mother also worked full time. Now most people who hear about this situation automatically assume that at least one if not both children ended up getting into some kind of trouble whether with the law or something else, but in this case that never happened. We will write a custom essay sample on Single Parenting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My mother taught both of us about morals, goals and rules, along with many other things. Granted my brother and I got into fights with one another, but, hey, kids will be kids. Even though she works all week, my mom always had time for us, whether it was to take us to our baseball and soccer games or if we just needed someone to talk to. At one point I remember clearly that I had a speech problem, and she made me practice every night over and over again until I got it right. All in all, I feel I can talk to my mother about anything, with her acting more as a friend than a parent. I realize that not everyone has a mother like mine, which makes me appreciate her even more. After everything she has done for me, I want to make her proud by being the first female in my family to go to college and get a degree. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-59314470909605312152020-03-17T23:00:00.001-07:002020-03-17T23:00:03.248-07:00Pros and Cons of the Corn-Based Plastic PLAPros and Cons of the Corn-Based Plastic PLA Polylactic acid (PLA), a plastic substitute made from fermented plant starch (usually corn) is quickly becoming a popular alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. As more and more countries and states follow the lead of China, Ireland, South Africa, Uganda and San Francisco in banning plastic grocery bags responsible for so much so-called ââ¬Å"white pollutionâ⬠around the world, PLA is poised to play a big role as a viable, biodegradable replacement. Proponents also tout the use of PLA, which is technically ââ¬Å"carbon neutralâ⬠in that it comes from renewable, carbon-absorbing plants, as yet another way to reduce our emissions of greenhouse gases in a quickly warming world. PLA also will not emit toxic fumes when incinerated. However, there are still issues with the use of polylactic acid such as its slow rate of biodegradability, its inability to mix with other plastics in recycling, and its high use of genetically modified corn (though arguably the latter could be one of the good effects of PLA as it provides a good reason to alter crop yields with genetic splicing). The Cons of PLA: Biodegradation Rate and Recycling Critics say that PLA is far from a panacea for dealing with the worldââ¬â¢s plastic waste problem. For one thing, although PLA does biodegrade, it does so very slowly. According to Elizabeth Royte, writing in Smithsonian, PLA may well break down into its constituent parts (carbon dioxide and water) within three months in a ââ¬Å"controlled composting environment,â⬠that is, an industrial composting facility heated to 140 F and fed a steady diet of digestive microbes. It will take far longer in a compost bin, or in a landfill packed so tightly that no light and little oxygen are available to assist in the process. Indeed, analysts estimate that a PLA bottle could take anywhere from 100 to 1,000 years to decompose in a landfill. Another issue with PLA is that it must be kept separate when recycled, lest it contaminates the recycling stream; since PLA is plant-based, it needs to be disposed of in composting facilities, which points to another problem: There are currently a few hundred industrial-grade composting facilities across the United States. Finally, PLA is typically made of genetically modified corn, at least in the United States. The largest producer of PLA in the world is NatureWorks, a subsidiary of Cargill, which is the worldââ¬â¢s largest provider of genetically modified corn seed. This is tricky because the future costs of genetic modification (and the associated pesticides) to the environment and human health are still largely unknown. Pros of PLA Over Plastics: Utility and Biodegradability Genetically modified foods may be a controversial issue, but when it comes to genetically spicing plants together to breed corn that yields more crops for industrial use has its major advantages. With the increasing demand for corn to make ethanol fuel, let alone PLA, itââ¬â¢s no wonder that Cargill and others have been tampering with genes to produce higher yields. At least harmful plastic isnt be used as frequently anymore! Many industries are using PLA because they are capable of biodegrading at a much faster rate than plastic while still offering the same level of sanitation and utility. Everything from plastic clamshells for food take-out to medical products can now be made from PLA, which drastically reduces the carbon footprint of these industries. While PLA has promise as an alternative to conventional plastic once the means of disposal are worked out, consumers might be better served by simply switching to reusable containers, from cloth bags, baskets, and backpacks for grocery shopping to safe, reusable (non-plastic) bottles for beverages. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-10860198025630715602020-03-01T14:46:00.001-08:002020-03-01T14:46:03.321-08:00How to ask for a letter of recommendationHow to ask for a letter of recommendation At every professional stage in life (job searching, job switching, promotion seeking), there will come a time when you need to ask someone to write you a letter of recommendation. Though not as common as they once were, many would-be employers still want to know that someone vouches for you. If the thought of asking someone to say nice things about you makes you nervous, donââ¬â¢t worry- itââ¬â¢s awkward for everyone. Here are a few tips on how to make the asking as easy as possible for everyone involved.Ask someone who really likes you.This seems like a given, but itââ¬â¢s worth stressing: only ask people you are certain will say wonderful, glowing things about you. Just because you worked for someone and did the bare minimum doesnââ¬â¢t mean he or she thinks fondly of you. If you were forgettable, youââ¬â¢re going to get a bland and generic letter.Remember, this doesnââ¬â¢t always have to be a former (or current) boss. A colleague at your level is fine; so is some one youââ¬â¢ve worked with on volunteer projects outside of work. The key is that he or she can vouch for the exact skills the person receiving the letter wants in an employee.Offer to clarify.The more information you give, the easier it is for someone to knock out a letter. After you receive a ââ¬Å"yes,â⬠get specific. After saying thank you (always say thank you), describe in detail the specific job youââ¬â¢re applying for and what talking points would be most useful. You can give a list of skills the hiring manager wants in an applicant and remind the person youââ¬â¢re asking about how you have exhibited those skills in the past. It can also be helpful to outline some of your recent and past achievements for them to reference without having to look them up or ask.Be prepared to draft it yourself.A lot of times busier people will ask you to sketch out (or write entirely) the letter by yourself. Always say yes. Take the list of achievements this person knows youâ⠬â¢ve accomplished, match them up with the list of requirements from the job posting, and go to town. In most cases, he or she willà look it over, make a few cosmetic changes, and then sign it. Youââ¬â¢ve made everyoneââ¬â¢s life easier!Respect peopleââ¬â¢s time.Waiting until the last minute and then saying, ââ¬Å"Please get this to me tomorrow,â⬠is rude and inconsiderate. Your letter of recommendation is not among the most important things in someoneââ¬â¢s life, and no one should have to drop everything just because you were too lazy to ask in advance. Give someone at least a week (and ideally two or three) to get you a letter.Just ask.Popping the question can be hard, but you wonââ¬â¢t get a letter if you donââ¬â¢t ask for it. Yes, you might feel uncomfortable asking someone to do a favor for you, but if youââ¬â¢re smart about who you ask and pick someone who only has glowing things to say, chances are he or she will be more than happy to do it. Give the key details, throw in a little flattery, and ask away. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-75795155129306933752020-02-14T06:13:00.001-08:002020-02-14T06:13:02.543-08:00Budgeting Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsBudgeting Process - Essay Example Due to increasing industrialisation the environmental problems are also increasing, it is affecting the climate, bio-diversity and the ecosystem of the planet. Therefore there is an immediate need of budget modernisation for sustainable development. If it's not achieved then it might have adverse effects on shareholders values because firms neglecting the rules may be closed or fined severely. b) Feasibility study is an important phase in the development process. It enables the developer to have an assessment of the product being developed. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in terms of outcomes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. c) According to consumer modernisation the solution to some sort of crisis can be found in more production, more modernity and more industrialisation. Rather than more production consumer modernization purports on different industrialisation and production. This is termed as more -as-different approach. In the present markets the production is more that result in the increase in economy and thus maintaining overall consumption low and sustainable. Thus we could say that consumption is dematerialised. Though the present world is turning towards e shopping still some of us like to prefer the old ways of purchasing things like jewellery, cars, etc. d) Let's take the case of United Kingdom and its... Unemployment was on rise and there was no perfect system to maintain law and order between the EU countries. There was chaos all the time. The post war era was the beginning of expansion in the trade sector. The benefits do not come that easily. Treating those who hurt by trade, equitably a difficult public policy issue. The important issues that were to deal with are controlling the rapid growth of trade deficit, high inflation rate and soaring prices of crude oil. The post war era has seen a rapid expansion in trade and accordingly the economic and political structure has experienced steady and substantial growth. Gaining profits from trade depends on individual economic behaviour. Instead of building own automobiles, manufacturing own goods, producing own food, it is better to manufacture goods in which they have specialisation and trade them for other goods that are required. This thought made the UK a leading exporting country in international trade. The most surprising thing is that the total UK imports amount to only about 12 percent of the country's GDP. International trade brings rich dividends and imposing restrictions to such exchanges will hinder the further improvement and in realising the true gains from trade. Protectionism is the factor that's becoming hindrance to international trade. e) In the context of budget process jobs were created and destroyed as well. Creation and destruction of jobs depends on comparative advantages and disadvantages. Cutting of jobs does not have any net loss on the economy further more it improves the living standard and raises the economy. It is known truth that international trade has positive and negative effects. The wages Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-91529438424221640532020-02-01T17:26:00.001-08:002020-02-01T17:26:03.435-08:00The impact of substance abuse in the work place EssayThe impact of substance abuse in the work place - Essay Example Being a supervisor, my responsibility involves maintaining a productive, safe and secure environment for all employees at the work place. It is also my responsibility to evaluate and conduct performance discussion with employees. In the course of my duty as a supervisor, it is expected of me to treat all employees fairly in a manner that does not demean anyone (opm.gov). During my supervisory duty, it came to my attention that Balbito exhibited the following problems of absenteeism at work missing work for about two days a week. In addition, Balbito also had the following problems; falling sick at work frequently, missing deadlines, sleeping at work, problems with handling recruits in a professional manner and being at loggerheads most of the time with other co-workers. Consequently, the situation prompted me to take intervention and referral preparation for the employee prior to the actual intervention and referral. To this regard, it became worthwhile to put down on paper the perfo rmance problem as concisely and precisely as possible. In addition, it was necessary for me to prepare myself professionally for a constructive confrontation with the employee, Balbito (opm.gov). The responsibility of diagnosing drug abuse or alcohol abuse is not among my duties. Furthermore, having all answers to problems of an employee is also not my duty. The responsibility of providing therapy or counseling is the duty of the EAP professionals not the supervisor. In my own perspective, these problems are mostly related to alcohol addiction. Although Balbito had earlier admitting having problems with alcohol abuse, I detected that it was rather an addiction. Balbito purportedly used alcohol for recreational purposes, but the symptoms of irresponsible handling of his duties suggested addiction of alcohol due to its use as a stress reliever. Since my professional requires strict supervision of the performance of employees, I intend to address the issue strictly with no sympathy in this context (opm.gov). First, am going to summon the employee (Balbito) and express my concern regarding his performance as a human resource professional. In the most precise manner, am going to inform him of the problem of alcohol addiction that has come to my attention. Additionally, I will avail the documentation of the problem to him in a professional way as the supervisor. At last, I will demand an explanation from him regarding his performance. Since the employee (Balbito) had already admitted his problem regarding alcohol abuse, I will refrain from personal issues and frame the discussion strictly to matters pertaining performance to resolve his problem. In a professional perspective, am going to address my concern regarding performance to get the employee (Balbito) to acknowledge the performance problem. During the performance discussion with the customer, I will order the employee (Balbito) to stop reporting to work under the influence of alcohol since it has a negative im pact on his performance. Adding to this, I will give the employee a fortnight to improve on his performance failure to which, he is subject to suspension from work for a period of one month. To make the intervention effective, am going to refer the employee (Balbito) to employee assistance program professional for counseling. By doing this, information concerning his privacy regarding this issue will be availed to him. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-29520478421638387462020-01-24T13:50:00.001-08:002020-01-24T13:50:03.078-08:00Huck :: essays papersNaivety of Huckleberry Finn The dialect that Mark Twain used in "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" mocks the poor education and incompetence of the South in the late 1800's. As the narrator of the novel, Huck Finn, fits the exemplary part of a young and naive boy. He does not comprehend the immensity of the world but, rather the small portion that he sees. As Huck takes the reader through each episode of the book, he does not perceive any kind of humor in the word devices he uses. He takes them quite seriously and is portrayed as a naive character to the reader. Mr. Twain has purposely given the readers reason to believe he is mocking the characters in the book with this audacious comedy. Huck Finn says out of the ordinary things that most people would not have the slightest idea about. At the beginning of chapter one, the Widow Douglas tells him of Moses and the Bulrushers. He is eager to hear all about the stories of Moses until he finds out that Moses has been dead a "considerable long time." Huck tells the reader that he "don't take no stock in dead people." To him, there is no lesson in these stories unless the person is alive and is related to someone. The novel places realistic views and does not hold romantic value besides that of the character Tom Sawyer. Huck does not understand why Tom makes every task so complex yet, Huck is very admirable of Tom's ideas. Throughout the book Huck asks himself if Tom Sawyer would approve of the way he deals with certain matters. This shows dramatic irony because Tom would not be stuck in these situations that Huck is in, in turn adding to Huck's naivety. This brings the readers to the Dauphin and Duke, who take advantage of Huck because of his gullibility, tricking him into thinking they are of a royal class and deserve superior care. As readers, we see the entire picture, past the fraud's act. Huck goes along with the low life and cunning ways the Duke and King make money. A classic example of this is when the Duke and King, the scoundrels that they are, put on the stage production of "The Royal Nonesuch," making their own success from the foolish townspeople. Jim, the runaway slave displays a naive humor laced with superstition. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-80169970457474127772020-01-16T10:14:00.001-08:002020-01-16T10:14:05.581-08:00Confusion at the Busy AirportThere I was at the world's largest and most hectic airport. It felt like a whole new world around me but it was all to come to an abrupt end shortly. As the thousands of people around me went on with their lives so did I. Then it all started, as I approached the counter I overheard some police officers stating that a terror alert had been sounded and that all officers should be on high alert. My heart started pumping faster and faster, I started sweating and my adrenaline levels shot up. Everywhere nook I looked at I saw flashing red lights hooked up to countdown timers that seemed as though they were going to blow up any second and to mention the eerie sounds I kept hearing. As fast as I could I checked in my baggage and headed straight to my boarding gate. As I ran up the stairs I caught a glimpse of what looked like a flashing light wired up to a small box. Instinctively I shouted ââ¬ËBOMB' but within seconds I realised that it was a camera not a bomb. What have I done I thought, I had caused a stamped in the world's busiest airport. Everybody scampered to grab their belongings and headed towards any possible path to escape. All officers immediately reacted and within a matter of minutes everything was under control. However it was too late alone I was responsible for the deaths of what seemed to at least a hundred people. There, in front of me lay a child who seemed to be just 3 years old but his life had already come to an end. Nevertheless this was not the time to break down yet more a time to be happy that it really wasn't a bomb. On this sudden turn of mood each person started clearing the place and getting the injured to the hospital. But luck wasn't on our side and our happiness was short lived as this time the cry for safety was real. There was a deafening, explosive ââ¬ËBANG'. The entire building started shaking; all windows cracked and huge pieces of supporting beams fell to the ground. No one expected what was going to happen next. All flights to and from the airport were cancelled, all passengers were in a total state of panic. Fires raged throughout the building in turn blocking all possible exits. I thought to myself ââ¬ËSo this is the end. I brought this upon myself,' I thought. Just that very moment a sudden turn of events occurred, which meant I could escape the death trap I was in currently. Due to the harmful gas build up in the airport many were barely managing to breath and some already on the ground unconscious. I took the deepest breath I could and ran for a small hole that blew open in the wall due to the raging fire. I leaped and went right through the fire and just barely made it sustaining very little injuries. Within another 30 minutes the fire was brought under control. This was the worst disaster that London had seen in years. Only 157 people escaped with minimal injuries, with another 276 in the hospital and a devastating 698 dead. Yet to think that majority of these people died only because of me! Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-91307280853051550732020-01-08T06:37:00.001-08:002020-01-08T06:37:03.592-08:00The Roman Emperors at their Age of AccessionAriya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-61121428953437320902019-12-31T03:03:00.001-08:002019-12-31T03:03:03.627-08:00An Analysis of Tite Tienous Christian Theology in an Era... Tienou, Tite. Christian Theology in an Era of World Christianity. Chapter 1 in Globalizing Theology. Ed. By Craig Ott and Harold A. Netland. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic. Tite Tienou asserts that Christian theology does not seem to be greatly affected by globalization, (38). Globalization might have an impact on evangelical missions and ecumenical cooperation between the various manifestations of the Christian church throughout the world, but not on theology itself (Tienou 38). If it seems impossible to create ecumenical cooperation between the various manifestations of the church without that cooperation impacting Christian theology, then Tienou considers the simultaneous fact that globalization has also fostered dialogue between Christianity and other world religions. That dialogue is unlikely to alter Christian theology, even if it changes Christian missionary operations and functions. Christianity has historically been a facilitator of globalization. In fact, Tienou cites Shenk saying that the Christian faith is global with multiple heartlands, (38). Any theological discourse now must take place within a global environment, taking into account the disparate cultures, individuals, and worldviews that fall under the rubric of the Christian world. The 21st century calls for a world conversation on theological method, (Tienou 38). There must be a global conversation if Christian theology is to change, or even remain the same. Tienou also suggests that theology Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-37495391509273911162019-12-22T22:49:00.001-08:002019-12-22T22:49:03.058-08:00Reflective Practice - 1008 Words REFLECTIVE PRACTICE Reflection has been defined as an active, persistent and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge (Dewey, 1933. Dawn, 2007). Reflective practice is a process to improve quality of performance in the workplace, skills up to date throughout workplace and leads to understanding the field of care. Reflection requires self-awareness and analysis (Schutz et al, 2004). To reflect the incident, I have used Gibbs (1988) reflective cycle because it easy to follow, well structured and it allows reflection on feelings as well as actions (Pat, L., 2008). Besides that, it helps to recognize what we do well and how to interpret in the other situations. Iââ¬â¢m working in surgical and transplant ward for fiveâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦2006). According to Sara J. et al (2007), mentor provides a positive career role model, professional growth opportunities, advice, career challenges, access to learning resources, encouragement and feedback on a menteeââ¬â¢s career progress. As a mentor, we should be well prepared. It shows mentors are capable of coaching, challenging and sophistication in their role (Wendy et al, 2007). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2006) defines a mentor as a registrant who has meet the outcomes of stage two and who facilitates learning, and supervises and assesses students in a practice setting (Wendy et al, 2007). Although the mentor gets relationship with student, they must maintain a professional practitioners and unbiased approach to all students. Mentors need skills to achieve an effective communication, interpersonal skills to facilitate, support and assess student in their practice (Wendy et a l, 2007). To be a mentor, I need to improve myself. I make a decision to take part in Diploma in Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences course. Through this course, I hope that I can develop my skills in many ways. According to Bennett (2003) and Ali PA, Panther W (2008), to be a good mentor-student relationship, we have to organize a meeting, orientation of the students to the clinical area, provide a good learning environment and offering appropriate support to the student. AllShow MoreRelatedReflective Practice in the Classroom1629 Words à |à 7 PagesReflective practice ââ¬â A tool for learning Introduction/Rationale When something goes wrong or something unexpected happens during a lesson or activity, we ask ourselves questions such as, could I have done something to avoid it? These experiences usually make us grow and we learn from experience, and we will be better prepared to face the situation if it happened again. This introspection is generally called ââ¬Å"reflectionâ⬠, and all professionals have adopted it in order to improve their practiceRead MoreThe Importance of Reflective Practice1009 Words à |à 5 PagesThe importance of reflective practice. Reflective practice is the ability to constantly monitor one s own performance in a given role and make adjustments where necessary. For me reflective practice is particularly important because no two clients will ever be the same and it is vitally important to remain reactive and reflective at all times. Reflective practice has been demonstrated to have significant benefits when it comes to the delivery of client-centred care, and can help me to ensureRead More1. Introduction. Reflective Practice Is A Key Part Of Working1646 Words à |à 7 Pages1. Introduction Reflective practice is a key part of working as a health care professional, including speech and language therapists (SLT), and will be used throughout a practitionerââ¬â¢s career as part of their continuing professional development. It is the practice of experiencing situations and then reflecting on them, which is how clinicians may enhance their knowledge and skills and, thus, maintain their competence throughout their career as a practicing therapist (RCSLT, 2003). It is through thisRead MoreDttls Unit 2.1 Continuing Personal and Professional Development2774 Words à |à 12 Pagesadult to adult. Berne E (1964) The four reflective models I have chosen to Review are: â⬠¢ Kolb â⬠¢ Gibbs â⬠¢ Johns â⬠¢ Rolfe et al The first thing I am going to do is to break down the three reflective models and explain how they work. I will then compare them and discus the reflective model that I use in my teaching. I am going to compare the three learning cycles as if I am reflecting on my own lessons and practices. Kolbââ¬â¢s Reflective Cycle Kolb has developed a theory of experimentalRead MoreReflection1542 Words à |à 7 Pagesassignment is to discuss the contribution of reflective practice for clinical nursing. Reflection has been defined as a way for individuals to ââ¬Å"capture their experience, think about it, mull it over and evaluateâ⬠(Boud et al 1985: 19) Argyris and Schon (1974) suggest that practitioners often practice at less than effective levels because they follow routine. Johns (1995) implies that action can be taken through reflection to increase effectiveness in practice as reflection provides opportunities forRead MoreReflective Models Used by Nurses Essay891 Words à |à 4 PagesReflective Practice Introduction: Reflection its self is looking into personal thoughts and actions. For nurses this would mean looking at how they performed a particular task taking into consideration their interaction with their colleagues and other members of staff, patients and in some cases relatives This then enables the nurse to assess their actions and thought processes. There are various frameworks of reflection that one could choose and the examples used for this workRead MorePromote Professional Development Essays2745 Words à |à 11 PagesPromote professional development CU2942 1. Explain the importance of continually improving knowledge and practice Within my role, it is important to continually improve knowledge and practice so I am aware of how to give the best diverse and equal care to children, stay fully up to date with all standards and legislations. Regarding parents, they are the customer and this entails all care towards their child may need to be explained to them. E.g. what is the Early Years Foundation StageRead More Reflection Upon A Critical Incident Essay2677 Words à |à 11 Pagesplacement. Reflective practice has become very popular over the last few decades throughout a variety of professions. In some professions it has become one of the defining features of competence. The wide spread utilization of reflective practice is due to the fact that it ââ¬Ërings trueââ¬â¢ (Loughran, 2000). Within different disciplines, what is understood by reflective practice varies considerably (Fook et al, 2006). Despite this, some agreement has been achieved. In general, reflective practice is understoodRead MoreReflection Of The Gibbs Reflective Cycle945 Words à |à 4 Pages (Gibbs G, 1988) The introduction of the Gibbs reflective cycle helped the nurses to have a systematic thinking about the different activity phases (Huston, 2014). These logical elements of the procedure are describing the problem, feelings identification, evaluation, analysis, conclusion, and an action plan. Every stage is essential in carrying out the reflective processes for nurses. Nurses come across many situations that affect their emotions, ethical dilemmas, conflicts from the patientââ¬â¢s familyRead MoreReflective Essay1530 Words à |à 7 PagesReflective Practice Reid (1994) Gibbs Reflective Cycle What happened? (description) What would you do if it happened again? (action plan) What were you thinking/feeling? (feeling) What alternatives did you have? (conclusion) How can you make sense of what happened? (analysis) What was good/bad about the experience? (evaluation) Reflectivity The circular process by which our thoughts affect our actions, which affect the situation we are dealing with and therefore after feedback through the reactions Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-38821262843241692512019-12-14T19:19:00.001-08:002019-12-14T19:19:03.932-08:00Literature critique Free Essays Introduction Strohscheinââ¬â¢s (2005) report discusses a research conducted among Canadian children over a five year period. The childrenââ¬â¢s level of anxiety/depression and their tendency towards anti-social behavior were analyzed at specified intervals during the five-year period assessing mental health adjustment to changes in the family in the form of a divorce between children whose parents eventually divorced and those whose parents remained together. Children in families considered dysfunctional prior to the divorce were assessed for improvements in mental health. We will write a custom essay sample on Literature critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now The primary objective of the study is to determine a connection between divorce and mental health in children. This research assesses the childrenââ¬â¢s home environment both prior to and after a divorce to determine any correlation. There is need for this because prior researches that did not take into account this factor. The literature review reveals that the current research is distinguished based on the methodology used. Methodology A qualitative approach is taken. The anxiety/depression state of children is examined over a five-year period my means of interviews and their relative state of mental health is assessed. The longitudinal survey methodology employed is justified on the grounds that alternative methods such as two-wave panel studies that assess developmental changes between two set time-periods for comparison as well as cross-sectional data used to pit children in divorced families against those in intact families, have been deficient. The multi-wave, longitudinal approach of the current study is clearly detailed as the better alternative. The researchers assume that the home environment prior to a divorce could determine divorce effects on children. They also assume that even prior to a divorce the mental health of children of divorced parents may be substantially different from those whose parents remain together and that divorce could positively alter the mental health of children. Two specific research questions are posed ââ¬â are there negative effects of divorce on childrenââ¬â¢s mental health and is anxiety/depression diminished by a divorce within a dysfunctional family. A clear definition of what constitutes a dysfunctional family was given. The target population as well as exclusions is described by the researchers. The initial longitudinal sample was reduced after excluding children not 4 to 11 years, single-parent homes and children losing a parent by death. The final sample size was 2,819 with 5.9% experiencing divorce within the research period. The selection criteria appear unbiased and equitable given the requirements of the research. The data instrument used was a national survey the 5 year period covered lends much validity to the data collected as it allows for equitability in responses over time. Findings The findings of the research are consistent with the data gathered and analyzed. There is enough evidence to conclude that there is a greater prevalence of anxiety and antisocial behavior in children whose parents divorce than in those whose parents remain together. However the research does not show any correlation between preexisting family problems and decreased anxiety levels subsequent to a divorce. These findings cannot, however be generalized outside the context of children below the age of 11 years. Discussion Conclusion Two research limitations are highlighted. Only a single informant, a parent, was used for the assessment of the childââ¬â¢s mental health and no effective mechanism to determine the nature and distribution of resources in the household was possible; only inventory type data collection was conducted for this variable. The researchers suggest that the methodology of analysis used has proved to be effective in gauging childrenââ¬â¢s reactions to parental divorce and therefore future research on the issue on a broader scale should employ similar techniques. REFERENCES Strohschein, L. (2005, Dec). Parental Divorce and Child Mental Health Trajectories. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(5),à 1286-1300. How to cite Literature critique, Essay examples Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-1413656206465082282019-12-06T15:43:00.001-08:002019-12-06T15:43:04.165-08:00Encyclopedia entries about Islamic law Question: Describe about theHistorical and Modern theories of Islamic law?. Answer: 1. Islamic law Islamic law is officially called Sharia which is an Arabic word that means the "right path or the correct path (SCHACHT, 1979)." Sharia law emanates from a combination of different sources including the Muslim holy book(Qurran), sayings, and teachings of Prophet Muhammad( Hadith) and fatwas (the rulings and findings of Islamic scholars) (SCHACHT, 1979). Muslims believe that God (Allah) revealed his will to the prophet Muhammad who then played a role of mediation to pass the laws to humans via the Koran (Holy Islam book). Due to the belief by Muslims that Sharia originated from God, they consider it sacred and therefore must be respected by all Muslims without questioning. Many Islamic scholars attempted to give interpretations of Sharia after Muhammad had died in the seventh century (MALLAT, 2003). These interpretations were then adopted by Muslims and accepted as guidance to worship and live brotherly lives. The original Sharia law was an important symbol of Islamic religion and com munity at large because it guided the way of life for all museums (NASIR, 2009). Before Islam, Arabian Peninsula was occupied by nomadic tribes who worshiped idols as their god. Each nomadic tribe had its rules that governed hospitality, marriage, and revenge and due to competition for resources in the Peninsula, these tribes constantly fought one another. People in these tribes retaliated against each other for various crimes committed against each other. Later on, Muhammad the prophet came into the Arab region and introduced a new religion (Islam) which affirmed only one God (MALLAT, 2003). This doctrine set forth required that all believers must obey God's laws and will otherwise be punished. Koran the holy book was used as a guide book for Muslim believers setting forth the human standards but did not provide a detailed code of law to be followed. During this period, Muhammad acted as a judge interpreting the law to Muslims and providing judgments over cases involving Muslims (NASIR, 2009). After Muhammad had died in the sixth century, political and religious rulers called caliphs carried on with the duty of developing Islamic law giving their interpretations and deciding cases in Arabia. The Islamic law spread to Umayyad dynasty and the caliphs in charge of the regime appointed judges (Kadhis) to settle the case and interpret the law to the people. This law spread until the government incorporated some part of the law into the countrys constitution. Shaffi, who was a Muslim scholar, played a significant role in shaping Sharia law by stating that Kadis (government judges) were supposed to follow a well reasoned out process while making judgments on Muslim cases (Anderson, 1959). Through this argument, many Muslim law scholars wrote law books that Kadis used to make court decisions, and that formed the basis of modern-day Sharia law. In the modern day, Sharia is legalized in many countries to avoid controversies and contradictions even though it is moderated by governments (Anderson 1959). Even though Sharia still exists in many Islamic countries, western culture has eroded most of the traditional provisions that laid the foundation of the Islamic law (Anderson, 1959). 2. Criminal Law and Procedure under Islamic law (Sharia) According to the traditional Sharia, crimes that are considered more severe are the ones mentioned in the Koran because they are considered as sins against God and they must be punished as per the Sharia (NASIR, 2009). When Sharia was formed, there was some crime that Prophet Muhammad considered as criminal and was unforgivable in Islam. Adultery was highly condemned and according to the Sharia any person found doing adultery was to be stoned to death because he or she was sinning against Allah the holy one (KHALIFA, 1983). The second crime was highway robbery by a Muslim faithful was highly prohibited, and no one could survive the wrath of Sharia. Anyone convicted of highway robbery was to be crucified, executed, left foot and right hand cut off or be imprisoned according to Islamic law (KHALIFA, 1983). Any Muslim found stealing was to be punished by having his right hand cut off completely, and if the same person committed a second theft crime, his or her left foot could be cut and later on imprisoned if found offending the law further. Slanderous people were given eighty lashes by the government askaris and issued with the stern warning never to commit the crime again (NASIR 2009). Drinking wine and any intoxication was considered an offense of the highest order among museums and any person found committing such an act of the offense was to receive eighty lashes (AWWAÃÅ'ââ¬Å¾, 2000). Penalties for some crimes like murder and bodily injury were carried out by Caliph Officials (MACDONALD, 2007). In such cases, the victim or the male next of kin could retaliate by carrying out murder using a sword, or if the injury was caused to the victim, he could retaliate by inflicting the same injury to the offender if found guilty by the caliph (MACDONALD, 2007). Later on, the rule of exactitude was introduced which required that the offender receives the same amount of damage caused to the victim, and therefore the law discouraged retaliation (COULSON, 2011). Classic Sharia followed a due process where the victim of the crime or his next of kin presented a claim personally before the court, and there were no government prosecutors during these cases (KHALIFA, 1983). Persons involved in the case had a right to have personal lawyers just like in the modern society, but female witnesses were not to testify before judges except in exceptional circumstances such child birth. Durin g the hearing of the case, if the accuser failed to produce witnesses, there was the demand that the defendant takes an oath before Allah as prophet Muhammad has stated in the Sharia (AWWAÃÅ'ââ¬Å¾ , 2000). For over years, modern theories of Islamic law have made changes to original Sharia in many ways. Currently, there are better methods of punishing Muslim law offenders distinct from the natural punishments that were given to them in the classic Sharia. Adulterous are not stoned to death as it was done in the classic Sharia, rather they are given other punishments such as paying fines or sending them to jail depending on had his decision over the case. 3.Islamic Law about Women and Inheritance Women and inheritance in Islam are governed by Islamic inheritance jurisprudence also called fiqh. The law of inheritance is covered under the title ÃÅ Ã ¿ulm al-farÃâà ÃÅ Ã ¾ià ¡Ã ¸Ã meaning "science of the ordained quota" is widely involved in the Koran the holy book that forms the basis of Sharia law (NASIR, 2009). Traditionally women were considered half people because of the domination of men up to the time of Prophet Muhammad. However, an introduction of the Koran by Prophet Muhammad acted as a sigh of relief to women because the Koran introduced new rights for women to inherit and own property reducing some of the restrictions that existed before (NASIR 2009). Women began to be treated fairly in Islam, and they were entitled to inheritance from their parents who formed the basis of the legal system about inheritance and property (MACDONALD, 2007). According to the Sharia, Allah the highest gave a detailed method of how women should inherit property in the Sunnah and Koran. There are three types of shares that women should inherit in the Muslim community; a woman can have the same number of shares in terms of inheritance as men; a woman can have a little less share than that of man. This means that a lady can only receive a minimum inheritance of half the proportion of a person. In the pre-Islamic period, there were variations in the laws of inheritance that were not so clear to the people (NASIR, 2009). The Islamic law also introduced other heirs that were non-existent in the pre-Islamic period, for instance, relatives. According to Schacht, women are not supposed to be inherited as per the Sharia because they are human beings, not property. In his book, he states that "this is not meant as a regular legal ordinance, but is part of the Qur'anic endeavor to improve the position of women." (SCHACHT, 1979). Islamic law stipulates that it is the responsibility of men to take care of women by providing safety, sustaining them and protecting them together with children. Sharia states that only relatives that have legitimate blood relationship with the deceased are entitled to the deceased inheritance (SCHACHT, 1979). This law excludes adopted children and illegitimate children because they are not part of the deceased's family. In both traditional and modern Sharia, a person who kills the dead or another man is not to inherit from the deceased. Furthermore, a Muslim cannot inherit from a disbeliever and likewise the disbeliever cannot inherit from a Muslim (COULSON, 2011). In the modern day, the place of women in term of inheritance and dependency on their husbands for sustenance has significantly changed and even the law (COULSON, 2011). Traditionally women were not obliged to do anything apart from taking care of their families. However, in the modern theories, women have become more active and economically empowered, and this makes them share financial responsibilities with their husbands. References Anderson, J. (1959). Islamic law in the modern world. [New York]: New York University Press. SCHACHT, J. (2001). The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence. New York, American Council of Learned Soc. BURTON, J. (1990). The sources of Islamic law: Islamic theories of abrogation. Edinburgh, Edinburgh Univ. Press. COULSON, N. J. (2011). A History of Islamic Law. New Brunswick, N.J., Aldine Transaction. AWWAÃÅ'ââ¬Å¾, M. S. (2000). Punishment in Islamic law: a comparative study. Plainfield, Ind, American Trust Publications. PETERS, F. E. (1982). Children of Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, Islam. Princeton, N.J., Princeton Univ. Pr. KHALIFA, M. (1983). The sublime Qur'an and orientalism. MACDONALD, D. B. (2007). Development of Muslim theology, jurisprudence, and constitutional theory. Clark, NJ, Lawbook Exchange. MALLAT, C. (2003). The renewal of Islamic law: Muhammad Baqer as-Sadr, Najaf and the ShiÃÅ Ã ¼i International. Cambridge [u.a.], Cambridge University Press. MALLAT, C. (1993). Islamic family law: [proceedings of a conference convened by the Centre of Islamic and Middle East law ..., University of London, in May 1989]. London [u.a.], Graham Trotman. NASIR, J. J. (2009). The status of women under Islamic law and modern Islamic legislation. Leiden, Brill. SCHACHT, J. (1979). An introduction to Islamic law. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-25385140694319707502019-11-29T04:32:00.001-08:002019-11-29T04:32:04.367-08:00arch Essays - Architectural Design, Architecture, I have chosen to study architecture because I believe it is the most important and relevant subject in the world. I have a desire to understand how buildings are designed and how do they look on papers before construction. Architecture has fascinated me since early childhood, when I loved to visit museums and historical sites specially that I live on the land of heritage and valuable historical constructions, Egypt. I could not believe the immense impact ancient Egyptian architecture had on the world. It in turn had a huge impact on me, and consolidated my love for architecture. Studying Mathematics for IGCSE, A-Level and some design courses has been good preparation for what the degree course would entail. I have successfully learned the skills of analysis, drawings and how to infer from sources. It has encouraged me to read around the topic at hand and to research independently. I have greatly enjoyed the course and was very pleased with my exceptional results. During that time, I started buying architectural books and skimming over the pictures. I wasn?t able to gain a full understanding about the field but a simple background on what is architecture that allowed me to apply for the B.Sc degree in architectural engineering (Architecture Concentration) at Ain Shams University, Faculty of Engineering. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-33068527983555764752019-11-25T12:06:00.001-08:002019-11-25T12:06:03.705-08:00Free Essays on Stupid DriversTo Drive or not to Drive. In the world today driving a car or truck is one of the best methods of transportation, unfortunately people donââ¬â¢t know how to drive. People today speed around and cut you off, and slow down when they should speed up. They talk on their cell phones and completely forget where they are and realize they are about to miss their exit or theyââ¬â¢re in the wrong lane, and quickly change lanes not even looking to see who is behind them. People also have the tendency to ignore construction zones and just speed by like there isnââ¬â¢t anyone there. Speed is a toy to most and people use it to cut you off or just to get to their destination faster. The only reason for their actions is for their own being. They donââ¬â¢t care where the driver next to him is going or how important it is, but can only think that that person is in the way of them and their destination. When people get cut off they tend to get really close to the other car and nearly cause a collision. In cases like this traffic either slows down or another wreck accurs. This makes a lot of people mad, and when they try and get even with the person that cut them off it again creates a bad environment. Speed isnââ¬â¢t always the problem, when people donââ¬â¢t drive the speed limit they just slow people down. When they drive slow in the fast lane they back up the traffic for a mile or two and make people mad. In a world that moves as fast as ours, slow drivers create a chaos on the road that makes it very hard to continue with our normal lives. When a slow driver enters the highway they always stop on the onramp, knowing very well that they canââ¬â¢t accelerate to match the speed of the other cars. People with fast cars have all the speed and power they need, but most times they will only do the minimum speed limit. Fast cars are meant to be in the fast lane. A new and very distracting problem is cell phones. Most every person owns a cell phone now an... Free Essays on Stupid Drivers Free Essays on Stupid Drivers To Drive or not to Drive. In the world today driving a car or truck is one of the best methods of transportation, unfortunately people donââ¬â¢t know how to drive. People today speed around and cut you off, and slow down when they should speed up. They talk on their cell phones and completely forget where they are and realize they are about to miss their exit or theyââ¬â¢re in the wrong lane, and quickly change lanes not even looking to see who is behind them. People also have the tendency to ignore construction zones and just speed by like there isnââ¬â¢t anyone there. Speed is a toy to most and people use it to cut you off or just to get to their destination faster. The only reason for their actions is for their own being. They donââ¬â¢t care where the driver next to him is going or how important it is, but can only think that that person is in the way of them and their destination. When people get cut off they tend to get really close to the other car and nearly cause a collision. In cases like this traffic either slows down or another wreck accurs. This makes a lot of people mad, and when they try and get even with the person that cut them off it again creates a bad environment. Speed isnââ¬â¢t always the problem, when people donââ¬â¢t drive the speed limit they just slow people down. When they drive slow in the fast lane they back up the traffic for a mile or two and make people mad. In a world that moves as fast as ours, slow drivers create a chaos on the road that makes it very hard to continue with our normal lives. When a slow driver enters the highway they always stop on the onramp, knowing very well that they canââ¬â¢t accelerate to match the speed of the other cars. People with fast cars have all the speed and power they need, but most times they will only do the minimum speed limit. Fast cars are meant to be in the fast lane. A new and very distracting problem is cell phones. Most every person owns a cell phone now an... Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-67278309323026410962019-11-21T19:30:00.001-08:002019-11-21T19:30:03.243-08:00Masculinities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsMasculinities - Essay Example Listen here bro I follow orders. Matt: So what are you talking about? William: I mean there is nothing between that fool and me. All I know is that somebody in a high office fixed our names alongside the case. Matt: Whatever they say man; I do not give a d_**, by the way do you remember the she we met at Rogerââ¬â¢s, she just called me!! William: So what is your plan thirsty boy? I know she will never try it again... ha...ha... Matt: Nothing- nothing to worry about; I will do her not a thing you know who I am. I am; a captain in mv-22. We trust nobody. William: That is my boy holly Matt. if only the stones of Afghan would tell. Key to Transcription Symbols Word or Word The Speaker emphasizes the underlined : Sound elongation - Word is cut off {_*_(n.n)} A word has been distorted ha...ha... Laugh â⬠¦ ridicule Analysis The transcript above is from an audio recording made on December 21, 2012 at an unknown time. The recording is between Matt and William, and it was carried out du ring a meeting between the two old friends. Both Matt and Williams served in the US navy, and they had both been deployed in various undercover missions in Afghanistan and Somalia. Due to their experience, they had learnt to care about each other, although they always maintained a tough attitude towards each other. Separated by ranks and united by mission, William and Matt were best friends. The interaction begins with usual gestures and conversations, but it has loose language. This is a characteristic of male homosocial relationships. From the transcript, it is clear that Matt and Williamââ¬â¢s relationship was based on friendship and mutual understanding. Moreover, the relationship is based on mutual dependency, trust, and common interests. This is because both William and Matt were military officers who had minimal feelings for others and themselves. In the article ââ¬Å"Public Intimacy: Dynamics of Seduction in Male Homosocial Interactionsâ⬠, Danny Kaplan analyzes fact ors that enhance male homosocial behaviors. According to Kaplan, homosocial behaviors are dependent on the environment. In this case, the two are used to military operations and hard environments. This has made them develop a form of brotherly love to enhance their survival. Although the two are concerned about each otherââ¬â¢s welfare, they do not show any form of emotional attachment to a problem (Willott 98). In addition, they do not reveal their emotion to the public. This is a strong characteristic of male homosocial relationships. In such relationships, showing emotions, particularly in the public behavior, is considered womenââ¬â¢s behavior (Bird 130). Due to the nature of their work, Matt and William were expected not to trust anyone. This is in accordance with their duties and code of conduct, whereby military officers are not supposed to share confidential information. Although male homosocial relationships are supposed to be emotionless, men also need emotional supp ort. However, this happens differently, as exhibited in the transcript record above. From the conversation, it is clear that men share their emotions by confiding in one another (Kiesling 78). Alternatively, they can share their emotions by mentoring one another. In the conversation above, the two men share secrets, and it is their obligation not to share it with others. The nature of this secret is not well known considering that the two are military officer Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-38807617694854721722019-11-20T16:42:00.001-08:002019-11-20T16:42:06.164-08:00Human Nutrition-Supersize Me Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsHuman Nutrition-Supersize Me - Movie Review Example This is so huge that it is only second to smoking as a leading, preventable cause of death. In 2007-2008 the estimated prevalence for the years 2007 ââ¬â 2008, in US has been calculated at 33.8% meaning 33 people out of every hundred must lose weight (Flegal et al, 2010). In the movie another interesting concept had been put forward. American children know more about Ronald McDonald than the forefathers of USA which was shown in one of the scenes where Spurlock shows a couple of pictures to 1st grade children in Worcester, MA. This is due to variety of reasons. Strong media advertising campaign by the company which in 2001 amounted to 1.3 billion dollars. If Britney Spears and other celebrities campaigned for something healthy rather than for ââ¬ËPepsi colaââ¬â¢, then parents would have a good chance in talking some sense into their children. Another interesting thing to note in this movie was a notion that children associated themselves with happy memories of the playhouses accompanying most of the McDonald outlets and later on in life whenever they saw the place, those thoughts are recalled and hence a perpetuation of the cycle of dining at the same place over and over again. Food programs have been shown to be deficient in most of the school s with less focus over fresh fruits and vegetables although costing the same. Physical activity needs of the children must be addressed appropriately in schools with more attention brought to the states who have the highest obesity rates like Mississippi. As part of my personal experience I remember visiting a McDonalds outlet in downtown Manhattan with my parents. I was a 1st grader at that time. I had time of my life that day and still the family album contains my photographs with Ronald McDonald and my happy meal toys. Though I remember losing some of the toys to another kid, still, it did not put me off enough to not think of this place when I am an adult. Those warm feelings come back to me Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-7778132460677291532019-11-18T15:46:00.001-08:002019-11-18T15:46:04.129-08:00Short Story Analysis Sheet Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsShort Story Analysis Sheet - Coursework Example Hazel is hell bent on continuing her winning streak at an annual race event held on May Day (Bambara 1-2). However, she has to juggle caring for her brother Raymond and race preparations while simultaneously dealing with insensitive remarks about Raymondââ¬â¢s mental handicap. At the storyââ¬â¢s conclusion, Hazel emerges victorious and finds new respect for Gretchen and Raymondââ¬â¢s Down syndrome (Bambara 4). The author uses flashbacks throughout the story. For example, Hazel remembers taking Mary Louise under her wing when the latter was new to the neighborhood. In addition, she recounts her distaste for Cynthia Procterââ¬â¢s pretentiousness when she remembers the latterââ¬â¢s lie about not adequately preparing for a spelling bee event (Bambara 2). Bambaraââ¬â¢s description of events is believable because she addresses challenges that face children in real-life; for example, jealousy and rivalry between young girls, as they strive to prove their superiority. The kind of conflict, central to the Raymondââ¬â¢s Run, is a sort of inner conflict of the protagonist. From the first glance it may seem that the whole story is about confrontation of two athletes, Squeky and Gretchen, but things are much more complicated, and the existing conflict between girls is an external one. Upon the deeper reflection the reader recognizes that twenty year old Squeky struggles to find her place in life, as she strives to do more than just watch Raymond. This girl uses running as a tool to construct another identity of the more confident and successful individual. However, her passion in running does not meet parental expectations, as they find Squekyââ¬â¢s hobby impair her girlishness. A vivid example of that conflict is Squekyââ¬â¢s refusal to take part in maypole dancing with such an argumentation: ââ¬Å"a poor Black girl who really canââ¬â¢t afford to buy shoes and a new dress you only wear once.â⬠(Bambara 1). Hazel Deborah Parker, or Squeky, Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-71609551686855313782019-11-16T04:19:00.001-08:002019-11-16T04:19:10.768-08:00Influence of Promotional Activities on Fast Food BuyingInfluence of Promotional Activities on Fast Food Buying Dining out in Pakistan is an exciting and rich experience. In Pakistan food has many different styles with many great restaurants in all the major cities of Pakistan. Fast food trend is quite new in Pakistan. It was introduced in Pakistan about two or three decades ago and it is growing very fast which indicates that this type of food industry have a very bright future in Pakistan. Fast food is pre-prepared food or which can be quickly cooked when you order for it. Two major fast food restaurants having strong presence in Pakistan are Mc Donalds and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Fast food restaurants attract customers through different techniques in which promotional tools are widely used. Our research is based on the hypothesis that several promotional techniques like coupons, new product, value deals, price discounts and promotional deals are having influence on fast food consumers buying behavior or not. A research has been carried out which is based on the consumers response to s urvey which involved questions regarding several promotional techniques used in fast food. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The concept of sales promotion could easily be understood by considering this simple example ââ¬Å"Suppose you visit the market to buy any product and there it is suggested to you that if you buy two of that product then you will get an extra piece according to their scheme. You will be delighted to know that you are saving money of that extra piece of product given to you. That extra piece can be a product used on a regular basis which you can keep for later use. These are exactly the sales promotion techniques for increasing sales of a certain product which every business person wants for the sales of goods that he deals in and he can use many different ways for this purpose. Some of those methods you might have heard about such as ââ¬Å"Win a tour to Dubaiâ⬠, ââ¬Å"20% extra on a large packâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Scratch and winâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Free gifts like lunch box, pencil box and shampoo sachet, ââ¬Å"Buy one get one freeâ⬠etc. In every industry, promotions are key sources of increasing sales of products. Fast food industry is one of the industries which very much rely on its foods promotion to increase the sales. For this purpose, it practices several techniques including price discounts, coupons, new product and offer different deals to attract its customers. Every organization wants a greater share of the total customer market and for this purpose it becomes very important for organizations to know their consumers reactions and responses towards their promotional campaigns in order to implement them successfully. Now we will look at fast food industry and its presence in Pakistan. FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS Fast food restaurants are those restaurants where no table service is provided. Its a self service restaurant and food is ordered only at a counter. The term fast food is the term used for food which is prepared and served very quickly with precooked ingredients. Fast food restaurants represent one of the largest segments of the food industry. Some of the largest players in this category include international giants like McDonalds, and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS IN PAKISTAN Fast food chains are becoming increasingly commonplace in nations around the world. Many American based companies have expanded into and are thriving in the global market. The concept of fast food restaurants was introduced in Pakistan in the early 1980s. There are several fast food chains operating in Pakistan but two of them are very dominant. A brief introduction of these fast food chains is given below. MCDONALDS Mc Donalds was opened in 1940 by brothers by Dick and Mac Mc Donald in San Bernardino, California. McDonalds opened its doors in Pakistan in September 1998 at Lahore and presently operating in almost every major city with a network of several restaurants in each city. McDonalds Pakistan has an aggressive plan to expand in all over Pakistan and is rapidly growing with the passage of time. It has a strong presence in Pakistan with locations in Lahore, Karachi, Hyderabad and Islamabad. KENTUCKY FRIED CHICKEN (KFC) The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) by Colonel Harland Sanders in 1952. KFC has a strong presence in Pakistan. In Pakistan its locations include Lahore, Peshawar, Islamabad and Karachi. KFC opened its first outlet in Gulshan-e-Iqbal in 1997 and today KFC has several branches in main metropolitans throughout Pakistan which include Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Sukkur and Murree with more than 60 outlets nationwide. FAST FOOD DEVELOPMENT IN PAKISTAN Our nation has been denoting a fast food nation as we look around. We see them on road corners, shopping areas, petrol pumps and even in hospitals whether is an international franchise of fast food or a lo al burger wala, people spend extra money on burger and French fries as compared to other food; in a very short time period our civilization has become faster paced and attracted to this style of dining out. Dining out is an important part of our emerging lifestyle as compared to the past as it was considered as an unusual luxury. Children are also an important market targeted by fast food because they offer special value meals for them. The young generation who considers it faster is the potential high fat fast food consumers. The fast food environment is not considered only for eating but for enjoyment also today, keeping in mind the several activities practiced in fast food especially for children such as birthday, get together parties and other unforgettable occasions. Several p romotional activities are practiced in order to attract the new customers and to retain the existing one. Now lets look at some sales promotion approaches used by fast food restaurants. COUPONS A coupon is a printed document that can be exchanged for reduction when buying a product. Basically coupons are issued by manufacturer of a product which is used as sales promotion method. Coupons usually fall into three categories. (1) Absolutely free, (2) Discounted, (3) Buy one get something. These are often seen in newspapers and magazines and packs. PRICE DISCOUNTS Price discounts are incentives offered to consumers in order to catch their attention. Actually price discounts is the initiative which give consumers feeling of receiving some additional value by not paying a certain percentage of amounts of that product such as 10%, 20% or 50%. This is one of the most commonly used ways to convince customers to increase their purchases. PROMOTIONAL DEALS In the fast food industry, different deals are offered to its customers better suited to their needs and requirements as it is a quick service food. Such kinds of deals are known as midnight deals and lunch deals etc to provide value to customers. VALUE DEALS Value deals are those deals offered by fast food restaurants to their customers as value for their money. Fast food restaurants come up with these attractive ideas by offering some extra amount of food with a minor difference of amount. For example, upsizing the meals by paying extra smaller amount or getting 20% for the same price. NEW PRODUCTS Fast food chains such as Mc Donalds and KFC introduce new products to its consumers in different seasons to attract new customers and keep hold of the existing customers by offering/ adding something new in their menu. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The objective of sales promotion is to market activities in order to add the basic value of a product or services which encourages people to purchase. As the fast food industry is growing in Pakistan and obviously the reasons are speed, convenience and price. People are now more attracted towards fast food with the introduction of different promotional offers which suits customers in different occasions and timings. The rapid rate at which the fast food industry continues to include promotions to its menu to attract its customers is as much a reflection of consumer attraction towards those promotions itself. Therefore, with an emphasis on sales promotional activities, its impact on sales and consumers responses towards them is going to be analyzed. The main purpose of this research is to study the different independent variables which could encourage fast food consumers to dine in the fast food franchises. To investigate the consumers behavior/ response towards sales promotion in fast food industry, Consumers can have a positive or no response to sales promotion. PURPOSE OF STUDY The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of promotional activities practiced in the fast food restaurants. For this purpose some important and most practiced promotional approaches which are used in fast food franchises are taken which are given below: Price discount Coupons Promotional deals Value deals New products RESEARCH SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The scope of this research is to investigate the influence of several promotional activities practiced in fast food restaurants. These are some limitations imposed on this study: Respondents are randomly selected and mostly were youngsters and college/university students because they are more attracted towards fast food and definite users. Access to fast food franchises was limited in order to meet respondents inside because they did not allow. The questionnaire was filled by researcher from respondents outside the franchises. Lack of response from some respondents. THESIS STRUCTURE This thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the problem about which the research was carried out and in general about the fast food industry and its scope in Pakistan. Chapter 2 is about the literature review. In Chapter 3, researcher describes the methodology adopted including sources of information and data collection methods are discussed. In chapter 4, the experiential data collected through questionnaire is analyzed and results are concluded on the basis of a survey. Conclusions are drawn and necessary recommendations are suggested. CHAPTER II- LITERATURE REVIEW In todays competitive environment it is very important for marketing managers to utilize the complete variety of marketing mix tools to achieve maximum result and one of these marketing tools is sales promotion which has been very important in the food retail division(Sue Peattie; 1998). Nowadays several promotional tools such as coupons, bonus packs, free samples and sweepstakes are very commonly practiced activities offered by manufacturers to its consumers but the next step which is the consumer response to these activities has not been understood well in this regard (Chem L. Narayan and P.S. Raju; 1985). So keeping in mind the importance of consumers reactions and response towards promotional campaigns of organizations in order to implement these promotional activities successfully, the influence of these promotional activities on sales and consumer decision is going to be analyzed. Promotional campaign is an attempt to influence the consumer buying decision; and promotional stra tegist is a functional behavioral analyst who finds the nature of the response towards any promotional activity and seriously weighs up the facts and support provided by the respondents via behavioral research in order to achieve utmost results and efficient findings (Peter L. Wright; 1973). The impact of advertising on the purchasing behavior of the consumer has been acknowledged in the marketing literature while the impact of promotional activities has given lees consideration (Deborah L. Owens, Michael Hardman, Bruce Keiller). Advertising has a much closed relation with sales promotional tools. Sales promotion is consist of short term incentives to encourage purchase or sale of a product or service while advertising offers reasons to buy a product or service. Sales promotion offers reasons to buy now (Kotler, Principles of Marketing). Recently the use of promotional activities has availed noticeably increased attention due to the effectiveness of easily measurable and manuscript promotional campaign as compared to advertising campaign. This investigation has been intended to assist managers of marketing and sales departments in order to implement various consumer promotions efficiently in a combined marketing program. The usage graph of sales promotions has gone up significantly in few years and one of the major reasons for this is that effectiveness of sales promotions is very much easier to calculate than the effectiveness of advertising campaign (Deborah L. Owens, Michael Hardman, Bruce Keiller). There are some internal factors and external factors which contribute in the growth of sales promotional activities. The main internal factor is the acceptance of sales promotion as an effective sales promotion technique by the product managers because they face greater pressure by top management to increase their current sales while external factors include large number of brands and then the increasing competition among them seeing that the competing brands are less differentiated. Third, advertising efficiency has declined because of changing economic conditions, rising costs and media disorder (Philip Kotler), (Chem Narayan and P.S. Raju; 1985). Given the importance of sales promotional techniques the most important decision for marketers is to choose the mixture of suitable sales promotional activities (Philip Kotler), (Chem Narayan and P.S. Raju; 1985). The modern fast food uprising basically was originated in the US in 1950s and since then this style of cuisine has captured the whole world. Fast food is seen as a symbol of globalization and post-modern society and the world is attracting to this style of food (Yasser Ibrahim, Claudio Vignali; 2005). The fast food industry is more global now and international fast food expenditure goes on to enhance in popularity (Ali Kara, Erdener Kaynak, Orsay Kucukemiroglu; 1997).In the developing countries a very little research has been done on fast food and its consumers thus a very little is known about fast food consumers. Timothy J. Richards and Luis Padilla in 2007 has found that promotional activities increase the market share of the company and also expand the fast food demand generally. This shows that promotional activities influence the buying decision of fast food consumers due to price change. Promotions obviously contain a great impact on buying decision. What is important to keep clear is the process through which consumers act in response to these offers. This understanding is very important for successful scheming of promotions as well as for assuring the minimum harmful causes of other communication elements (Meryl P. Gardner, Roger A. Strang). A very little work has been done in the past concerning consumers perceptions and preferences for fast food industry. Previous researches done on fast food industry have been limited to the features of fast food consumers in terms of demographic and socio-economic factors while a very little attention has been given to study the behavior and attitude of fast food consumers (Ali Kara, Erdener Kaynak, Orsay Kucukemiroglu; 1997). Consumer behavior is expected to be found fairly different as compared to the developed countries in view of the fact that these countries are mainlyinfluenced by social, political and economic conditions (Raju, 1995). It can be forecasted that the concept of fast food in developing countries is different than developed countries and their perceptions and attitudes differ as compared to international fast food industry in the industrialized countries (Brady and Robertson; 1999; Watson; 2000; Eckhardt and Houston; 2002). It has been acknowledged that marketing m anagers and strategist should have sufficient knowledge and understanding of consumers perceptions and preferences of dining out in fast food restaurants and how they are diverse across cultures and countries. This understanding will help in targeting countries and their different cultures in order to promote fast food culture and to improve and modify the perception of fast food restaurant there to increase the demand of the consumers (Ali Kara, Erdener Kaynak, Orsay Kucukemiroglu; 1997). Fast food restaurants practice several types of promotional activities throughout the year in which coupons are the most used promotional tool. Coupons have grown by more than 500% in the last decade which proves the importance of coupons (Chakravarthi Narasimhan1984) and coupons are the representative among other promotional tools like new product offers, promotional deals and price discounts etc. It is well acknowledged in the marketing literature that coupons have immediate impacts on sales (Jeongwen Chiang 1995). Fast food restaurants offer consumer a mixture of tangible and intangible elements. Here the purpose of the study is to examine the influence of promotional activities on consumer decision in fast food industry. Several big fast food giants are engaged in satisfying consumer needs and Kentucky fried chicken (KFC) is the leading fast food franchise satisfying its consumer needs followed by Mc Donalds, Subway and Mr. Burger. CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY DATA COLLECTION Two types of sources are used in data collection for any research function which are primary and secondary data. In this research study, both types of sources are operated. Secondary data is obtained from the books, articles, research journals, and internet while primary supply of data is dependent on questionnaire survey. According to the requirement the researcher is dependent on both the sources for academic and experimental data. We are very much relying on the questionnaire survey results for empirical data because limited information is available on promotional activities and its influence on consumer buying behavior in Pakistan. RESEARCH AND TESTING INSTRUMENTS Questionnaire has been used for surveys for this research and for testing purpose SPSS has been used as a testing tool. During the analysis of data in SPSS researcher has used technique of one sample T- test. FEEDBACK FORM For the purpose of data collection about different promotional tools and its influence on consumer buying behavior in the fast food restaurants a questionnaire has been used. Information regarding the influence of different promotional activities offered in fast food restaurants on consumer buying behavior is availed by knowing the satisfaction and agreement level with every promotional activity independently offered in fast food. QUESTIONNAIRE TESTING T o detect weaknesses in the instrument a questionnaire testing was conducted. According to Malhotra (2003), pre-testing refers to the testing of the questionnaire on a small sample of respondents to recognize and to get rid of likely trouble. For such purpose the researcher filled out 10 questionnaires from fast food consumers. Burns and Bush (1998) suggested that a pre-test of 5-10 representative questionnaires is usually adequate to spot the problems in a questionnaire. SAMPLING For this thesis, the influence of different promotional activities on consumer buying behavior was carried out through a survey of consumers of selected fast food restaurants. A questionnaire was filled out from 100 respondents in a good environment in order to avoid any hustle and weak response. SAMPLE SIZE The sample size of research is 100 respondents. It includes the following: Male/ Female Age group: 20 years or above Employed/ unemployed Fast food consumers Karachi based HYPOTHESIS h3= Price discounts influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. h3= Coupons influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H3: Promotional deals influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H4: Value deals influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H5: New product influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In our finding the statistical test which has been applied is the one sample t-test. One sample t-test compares the mean value of a sample (computed from a set of observed values) with the hypothesized mean value so this is the easiest test to understand and determine the likelihood or the difference between sample score and hypothesized values. Following is the output of our research. We compared the mean level of our output to a known test value of 4 because 4 is our agreement level. First see the descriptive statistics. The mean of our samples are the following: Price discounts = 4.0 New products = 3.9933 Coupons = 3.9767 Promotional deals = 3.9033 Value offers = 3.8767 The above mean values are closest to the test value of 4. Price discounts is having the highest mean value 4 which is equal to the test value of 4 and then new products have mean value (3.9933) and followed by coupons (3.9767), promotional deals (3.9033) and then value offers (3.8767). Now, see the results of our one sample t-test: Our T-value for each observation is: Price discounts = 0.000 New products = -.111 Promotional deals = -1.219 Value offers = -1.559 Coupons = -.306 The cut point of T-value is 1.5. If the T-value is greater than 1.5 then the significant value becomes lower and goes to significant level. We have 99 degrees of freedom. Our significance values are: Price discounts = 1.000 New products = 0.912 Promotional deals = 0.226 Value offers = 0.122 Coupons = 0.760 It means that the mean difference is not significant and the test value which is (4) ââ¬Å"Agreement levelâ⬠is equal to the mean value of price discounts, new products, promotional deals, value offers and coupons and there is no significant difference between the test value and the mean values of the sample. ACCEPTED HYPOTHESIS: Following hypothesis has been accepted: h3, h3, H3, H4, H5 Based on statistical test and results of above table, following hypothesis has been accepted and it was found that these factors influence the consumer buying behavior in fast food restaurants. h3= Price discounts influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. h3= Coupons influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H3: Promotional deals influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H4: Value deals influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. H5: New product influence purchase decision of fast food consumers. CONCLUSION A very little research has been done so far on fast food consumers and their buying behavior as well as promotional activities practiced by fast food restaurants and its influence on consumer buying decision. To the best of my knowledge, the research work done so far of fast food outlets have been limited to the explanation of the characteristics of the fast food consumers in terms of demographic and socio-economic factors and some work is done on the restaurants brand equity and their competitiveness while a very small number of consideration has been related to the fast food consumers behavior and attitude orientation. Research conducted by Syed Mehdi Raza and Tariq Jalees in 2005 measures the brand equity of fast food chains operating in Karachi. Timothy J. Richards and Luis Padilla believe that fast food promotion is a major cause of the obesity. The purpose of the learning is to understand the influence of promotional activities on the buying behavior of fast food consumers. For findings we apply the One Sample T-test to check the significant impact of all selected variables, it was found that the all variables (Coupons, Price discounts, Promotional deals, value offers and new products) significantly influence the buying behavior of fast food consumers. The results of the study have shown very optimistic response from fast food consumers for the influence of promotional activities in fast food restaurants. Consumers really think and appreciate that promotional activities influence their dining out decision in fast food restaurants, it also affect their frequency of dining out in fast food and they think that promotional activities should be offered by fast food restaurants. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8935850891036208261.post-11999865164985870592019-11-13T16:50:00.001-08:002019-11-13T16:50:04.197-08:00Judicial Process of Jack Kevorkian :: essays research papers fc INTRODUCTION Jack Kevorkian was born on May 26, 1928 in Pontiac, MI. He attended the University of Michigan and graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School with a specialty in pathology in 1952. In 1970, Jack Kevorkian became the chief pathologist at the Saratoga General Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. An advertisement was placed in the Detroit papers in 1987, which described Jack Kevorkian as a ââ¬Å"physician consultantâ⬠for death counseling. In 1989, Kevorkian invented the Thanatron, which translates from Greek to English as the ââ¬Å"Death Machine.â⬠The Thanatron was Kevorkianââ¬â¢s tool that he used in many physician-assisted suicides. The machine operated through the use of intravenous drip to administer various doses of fluids to facilitate the death of a patient. Typically, the first dose, which is administered by the patient, was a drug called thiopental. This drug acts as a sleeping agent that sends the patientââ¬â¢s body into a comatose state. Once the p atient is asleep the lethal dose of potassium chloride is administered to stop the heart within minutes. The patient dies as a result of a heart attack. Jack Kevorkian has assisted in the suicide of at least 120 patients. In calculating the demographic data of these patients, I have concluded three different findings with respect to underlying patient illness, age and gender of the patients. All of these patients have suffered from a terminal or debilitating illness. The three highest incidents of illness among the 120 patients were cancer, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrigââ¬â¢s disease. The highest incidents of the 120 physician-assisted suicides occurred in the age range of 40 to 60 years of age. Approximately seventy percent of Kevorkianââ¬â¢s patients were female and thirty percent were male. As a result of Jack Kevorkianââ¬â¢s success in assisting in the suicide of these 120 patients, family members, law enforcement and the courts sought many legal inquiries. The state of Michigan, where most of the assisted suicides occurred, does not have a law against this practice. There have been several legal attempts to imposed criminal charges against Jack Kevorkian for his participation in these suicides. In June of 1990, Jack Kevorkian performed his first assisted suicide using the Thanatron. The patient was Janet Adkins, age 54, of Portland, Oregon. Adkins had been diagnosed with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease. Murder charges were brought against Kevorkian as a result of his assistance in the death of Janet Adkins. Ariya Trapphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02147585522702902563noreply@blogger.com0